Difference between revisions of "PowerCLI"

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==Installation==
 
==Installation==
−
Ladda ner installationsfilen från VMwares hemsida. Anslut till din ESXi/vCenter med:
+
Ladda ner installationsfilen från VMwares hemsida alternativt importera det från online repo.  
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Install-Module -Name VMware.PowerCLI
 +
Get-PowerCLIVersion
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
Anslut till din ESXi/vCenter med:
 
  Connect-VIServer
 
  Connect-VIServer
 +
 +
Untrusted certificate
 +
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction ignore -confirm:$false
  
 
==Exempel==
 
==Exempel==
Line 21: Line 30:
 
Lista '''hardware version''' för alla vms
 
Lista '''hardware version''' för alla vms
 
  Get-VM | Select Name, Version
 
  Get-VM | Select Name, Version
 +
 +
Ladda upp fil till datastore
 +
Copy-DatastoreItem -Item linux.iso -Destination vmstore:\DC\DATASTORE\linux.iso
  
 
Hitta vilken vm som har en viss '''MAC-adress'''
 
Hitta vilken vm som har en viss '''MAC-adress'''
−
Get-vm | Select Name, @{N=“Network“;E={$_ | Get-networkAdapter | ? {$_.macaddress -eq “00:50:56:00:50:43“}}} |Where {$_.Network-ne “”}
+
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-vm | Select Name, @{N=“Network“;E={$_ | Get-networkAdapter | ? {$_.macaddress -eq “00:50:56:00:50:43“}}} |Where {$_.Network-ne “”}
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
  
 
Kolla '''NTP''' för hostarna
 
Kolla '''NTP''' för hostarna
−
Get-VMHost |Sort Name|Select Name, @{N=“NTPServer“;E={$_ |Get-VMHostNtpServer}}, @{N=“ServiceRunning“;E={(Get-VmHostService -VMHost $_ |Where-Object {$_.key-eq “ntpd“}).Running}}
+
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-VMHost | Sort-Object Name | Select-Object Name, @{N=”Cluster”;E={$_ | Get-Cluster}}, @{N=”Datacenter”;E={$_ | Get-Datacenter}}, @{N=“NTPServiceRunning“;E={($_ | Get-VmHostService | Where-Object {$_.key-eq “ntpd“}).Running}}, @{N=“StartupPolicy“;E={($_ | Get-VmHostService | Where-Object {$_.key-eq “ntpd“}).Policy}}, @{N=“NTPServers“;E={$_ | Get-VMHostNtpServer}}, @{N="Date&Time";E={(get-view $_.ExtensionData.configManager.DateTimeSystem).QueryDateTime()}} | format-table -autosize
 +
Get-VMHost | Get-VmHostService | Where-Object {$_.key -eq "ntpd"} | Set-VMHostService -policy "on"; Get-VMHost | Add-VMHostNtpServer -NtpServer 0.se.pool.ntp.org; Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostFirewallException | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq "NTP client"} | Set-VMHostFirewallException -Enabled:$true; Get-VMHost | Get-VmHostService | Where-Object {$_.key -eq "ntpd"} | Start-VMHostService
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
  
 
Lista CPUer
 
Lista CPUer
−
Get-VMHost | Sort Name | Get-View | Select Name, @{N=“CPU“;E={$_.Hardware.CpuPkg[0].Description}}
+
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-VMHost | Sort Name | Get-View | Select Name, @{N=“CPU“;E={$_.Hardware.CpuPkg[0].Description}}
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
  
 
Byt från e1000 till vmxnet3
 
Byt från e1000 till vmxnet3
−
Get-VM -name "<VM>" | Get-NetworkAdapter | Where { $_.Type -eq "E1000"} | Set-NetworkAdapter -Type "vmxnet3"
+
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-VM -name "<VM>" | Get-NetworkAdapter | Where { $_.Type -eq "E1000"} | Set-NetworkAdapter -Type "vmxnet3"
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
Byt till multipathing på lun större än 1TB
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-VMHost | Get-ScsiLun -LunType disk | Where {$_.MultipathPolicy -notlike "RoundRobin"} | Where {$_.CapacityGB -ge 1000} | Set-Scsilun -MultiPathPolicy RoundRobin
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
'''VLAN'''-hantering om man inte kör vDS. Create and delete.
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-Datacenter -Name DC01 | Get-VMHost | Get-VirtualSwitch -name vSwitch1 | new-VirtualPortGroup -name "DMZ01" -vlanid 101
 +
 +
Get-Datacenter -Name DC01 | Get-VMHost | Get-VirtualSwitch -Name vSwitch1 | Get-VirtualPortGroup -Name "DMZ01" | Remove-VirtualPortGroup
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
Sätta '''Syslogserver'''
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostSysLogServer
 +
Get-Cluster cluster | Get-VMHost | Get-AdvancedSetting -Name Syslog.global.logHost | Set-AdvancedSetting -value "syslog.hackernet.se" -Confirm:$False
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
Lagra logg på persistant storage
 +
Get-Cluster cluster | Get-VMhost | Get-AdvancedSetting -Name Syslog.global.logDirUnique | Set-AdvancedSetting -Value $True -Confirm:$False
 +
Get-Cluster cluster | Get-VMHost | Get-AdvancedSetting -Name Syslog.global.logDir | Set-AdvancedSetting -value "[datastore] esxi_logs" -Confirm:$False
 +
 
 +
'''DNS'''
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-VMHost | Select Name, @{N='DNS Server(s)';E={$_.Extensiondata.Config.Network.DnsConfig.Address -join ', '}} | FT -autosize
 +
Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostNetwork -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Set-VMHostNetwork -DnsAddress @("10.240.100.81", "10.60.0.81")
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
Find '''Thick''' VM disks
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Get-Datastore | Get-VM | Get-HardDisk | Where {$_.storageformat -eq "Thick" } | Select Parent, Name, CapacityGB, storageformat | FT -AutoSize
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
  
 
==Script==
 
==Script==
Line 86: Line 140:
 
CreateVM  
 
CreateVM  
 
break
 
break
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
Script för att kolla disktyp. Disktype.ps1
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="powershell">
 +
Connect-viserver "VCENTER_NAME"  #ange namn på Vcenter
 +
 +
$report = @()
 +
 +
foreach ($vm in Get-VM ){
 +
$vmhdd = $vm | Get-HardDisk
 +
foreach ($vmdisk in $vmhdd){
 +
  $diskStyle = $null
 +
  $format = $vmdisk.StorageFormat
 +
 +
$list = '' | select Name,Cluster,VMDK,DiskMode,DiskFormat,Filename
 +
$list.Name = $vm.Name
 +
$list.Cluster = $vm.VMHost.Parent
 +
$list.VMDK = $vmdisk.name
 +
$list.DiskMode = $vmdisk.Persistence
 +
$list.DiskFormat = $vmdisk.StorageFormat
 +
$list.Filename = $vmdisk.filename
 +
 +
$report += $list
 +
}}
 +
$report | Sort Name | Export-Csv -NoTypeInformation -Path C:\temp\vm_disk_type.csv  #Här sätter du vart du vill spara filen, nu sparas den under C:\temp
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>

Latest revision as of 09:07, 10 March 2021

PowerCLI är ett Windows Powershell-gränssnitt för hantering av VMware vSphere. PowerCLI distribueras som en Powershell snapin, och innehåller över 370 Powershell-cmdlets för att hantera och automatisera vSphere och vCloud.

"a powerful command-line tool that lets you automate all aspects of vSphere management, including network, storage, VM, guest OS and more" - VMware

Installation

Ladda ner installationsfilen från VMwares hemsida alternativt importera det från online repo. 

Install-Module -Name VMware.PowerCLI
Get-PowerCLIVersion

Anslut till din ESXi/vCenter med: 

Connect-VIServer

Untrusted certificate 

Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction ignore -confirm:$false

Exempel

Flytta alla vms från en datastore till en annan. 

Get-Datastore
Get-VM -Datastore Datastore1 | Move-VM -Datastore Datastore2 -DiskStorageFormat thin

Flytta alla vms från en host till en annan. 

Get-VMHost 172.20.0.2 | Get-VM | Move-VM -destination 172.20.0.8

Visa alla notes 

Get-VM | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Notes

Lista hardware version för alla vms 

Get-VM | Select Name, Version

Ladda upp fil till datastore 

Copy-DatastoreItem -Item linux.iso -Destination vmstore:\DC\DATASTORE\linux.iso

Hitta vilken vm som har en viss MAC-adress 

Get-vm | Select Name, @{N=“Network“;E={$_ | Get-networkAdapter | ? {$_.macaddress -eq “00:50:56:00:50:43“}}} |Where {$_.Network-ne “”}

Kolla NTP för hostarna 

Get-VMHost | Sort-Object Name | Select-Object Name, @{N=”Cluster”;E={$_ | Get-Cluster}}, @{N=”Datacenter”;E={$_ | Get-Datacenter}}, @{N=“NTPServiceRunning“;E={($_ | Get-VmHostService | Where-Object {$_.key-eq “ntpd“}).Running}}, @{N=“StartupPolicy“;E={($_ | Get-VmHostService | Where-Object {$_.key-eq “ntpd“}).Policy}}, @{N=“NTPServers“;E={$_ | Get-VMHostNtpServer}}, @{N="Date&Time";E={(get-view $_.ExtensionData.configManager.DateTimeSystem).QueryDateTime()}} | format-table -autosize
Get-VMHost | Get-VmHostService | Where-Object {$_.key -eq "ntpd"} | Set-VMHostService -policy "on"; Get-VMHost | Add-VMHostNtpServer -NtpServer 0.se.pool.ntp.org; Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostFirewallException | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq "NTP client"} | Set-VMHostFirewallException -Enabled:$true; Get-VMHost | Get-VmHostService | Where-Object {$_.key -eq "ntpd"} | Start-VMHostService

Lista CPUer 

Get-VMHost | Sort Name | Get-View | Select Name, @{N=“CPU“;E={$_.Hardware.CpuPkg[0].Description}}

Byt från e1000 till vmxnet3 

Get-VM -name "<VM>" | Get-NetworkAdapter | Where { $_.Type -eq "E1000"} | Set-NetworkAdapter -Type "vmxnet3"

Byt till multipathing på lun större än 1TB 

Get-VMHost | Get-ScsiLun -LunType disk | Where {$_.MultipathPolicy -notlike "RoundRobin"} | Where {$_.CapacityGB -ge 1000} | Set-Scsilun -MultiPathPolicy RoundRobin

VLAN-hantering om man inte kör vDS. Create and delete. 

Get-Datacenter -Name DC01 | Get-VMHost | Get-VirtualSwitch -name vSwitch1 | new-VirtualPortGroup -name "DMZ01" -vlanid 101
 
Get-Datacenter -Name DC01 | Get-VMHost | Get-VirtualSwitch -Name vSwitch1 | Get-VirtualPortGroup -Name "DMZ01" | Remove-VirtualPortGroup

Sätta Syslogserver 

Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostSysLogServer
Get-Cluster cluster | Get-VMHost | Get-AdvancedSetting -Name Syslog.global.logHost | Set-AdvancedSetting -value "syslog.hackernet.se" -Confirm:$False

Lagra logg på persistant storage 

Get-Cluster cluster | Get-VMhost | Get-AdvancedSetting -Name Syslog.global.logDirUnique | Set-AdvancedSetting -Value $True -Confirm:$False
Get-Cluster cluster | Get-VMHost | Get-AdvancedSetting -Name Syslog.global.logDir | Set-AdvancedSetting -value "[datastore] esxi_logs" -Confirm:$False

DNS 

Get-VMHost | Select Name, @{N='DNS Server(s)';E={$_.Extensiondata.Config.Network.DnsConfig.Address -join ', '}} | FT -autosize
Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostNetwork -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Set-VMHostNetwork -DnsAddress @("10.240.100.81", "10.60.0.81")

Find Thick VM disks 

 Get-Datastore | Get-VM | Get-HardDisk | Where {$_.storageformat -eq "Thick" } | Select Parent, Name, CapacityGB, storageformat | FT -AutoSize

Script

Ett script för att skapa vm. New-VM.ps1 

#List functions first

function Gather-Info {
[string]$script:VMName = Read-host "Enter the name of the VM you wish to create"
Get-VMHost | Format-Wide
[string]$script:HOSTName = Read-host "Enter host"
Get-Datastore -VMHost $HOSTName | Format-Wide
[string]$script:DSName = Read-Host "Enter datastore"
[string]$script:VERSION = Read-Host "Enter VM-Version, exempel v9"
[int]$script:NUMCPU =  Read-Host "Antal CPU-cores" 
[int]$script:MEMORYMB =  Read-Host "RAM, Antal MB" 
[int]$script:DiskGB =  Read-Host "Disk, Antal GB"
Get-VirtualPortGroup -VMHost $HOSTName
[string]$script:NETWORK = Read-Host "Select Network"
[string]$script:NOTES = Read-Host "Notes"
[System.Enum]::GetNames([VMware.Vim.VirtualMachineGuestOsIdentifier]) | Format-Wide
[string]$script:GUESTID =  Read-Host "Select that guestid" 
}


function CreateVM {
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Now the magic happens"
Write-Host "Creating VM"
New-VM -Name $VMName -VMHost $HOSTName -Datastore $DSName -DiskStorageFormat Thin -version $VERSION -GuestId $GUESTID -NumCpu $NUMCPU -MemoryMB $MEMORYMB -Notes $NOTES -DiskGB $DiskGB -NetworkName $NETWORK | out-null
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Convert to vmxnet3?"
Get-VM $VMName | Get-NetworkAdapter | Set-NetworkAdapter -Type vmxnet3 | out-null
Start-Sleep -Seconds 1;
Write-Host "Starting the VM"
Start-vm -VM $VMName -runAsync
Start-Sleep -Seconds 1;
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Power On Complete"
}


#Connect to vSphere
$VSPHERE = Read-host "Skriv IP till vCenter eller ESXi-host, tryck enter"
Connect-VIServer $VSPHERE


#Use functions and verify input
Do {
Gather-Info
Write-Host $VMName, $HOSTName, $DSName, HW $VERSION, $NUMCPU,vCPU $MEMORYMB,MB RAM $DiskGB,GB $NETWORK, $GUESTID, $NOTES
$confirmation = Read-Host "Proceed y/n"
}
until ($confirmation -eq 'y') 

CreateVM 
break

Script för att kolla disktyp. Disktype.ps1 

Connect-viserver "VCENTER_NAME"  #ange namn på Vcenter
 
$report = @()
 
foreach ($vm in Get-VM ){
$vmhdd = $vm | Get-HardDisk
foreach ($vmdisk in $vmhdd){
  $diskStyle = $null
  $format = $vmdisk.StorageFormat

$list = '' | select Name,Cluster,VMDK,DiskMode,DiskFormat,Filename
$list.Name = $vm.Name
$list.Cluster = $vm.VMHost.Parent
$list.VMDK = $vmdisk.name
$list.DiskMode = $vmdisk.Persistence
$list.DiskFormat = $vmdisk.StorageFormat
$list.Filename = $vmdisk.filename

$report += $list
}}
$report | Sort Name | Export-Csv -NoTypeInformation -Path C:\temp\vm_disk_type.csv   #Här sätter du vart du vill spara filen, nu sparas den under C:\temp
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