Cisco ASA

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Adaptive Security Appliance är Ciscos VPN- och brandväggsenhet. Detta är skrivet för 8.4 och senare.
Hårdvara och mjukvara kompabilitet

Konfiguration

Grunder 

conf t
hostname ASA

IP adress 

int e0/0
mac-address 0011.2233.4455
security-level 100
nameif inside
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
no shut
exit

Default route och DNS 

route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 190.10.160.1 1
same-security-traffic permit inter-interface
dns domain-lookup outside
dns name-server 8.8.8.8

ASDM

ASDM är en javamjukvara man kan använda för GUI till ASA. Slå på det och vitlista IP/nät. 

http server enable
http 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 inside

Skapa användare så att det går att logga in. Peka autentisering mot lokal databas. 

username admin password cisco privilege 15
aaa authentication http console LOCAL

SSH 

ssh 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 inside
ssh timeout 60
ssh version 2
aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL
domain-name inhouse.local
crypto key generate rsa modulus 2048

Mgmt VRF

Man kan sedan 9.5 lägga management-interface i en egen routingtabell. 

int gi0/1
management-only
show route management-only

Diverse

ICMP-inspection

Default så är inte icmp-inspection påslaget. 

fixup protocol icmp

Alternativt 

policy-map global_policy
class inspection_default
inspect icmp

ARP Inspection 

arp inside 193.10.161.37 0c0c.0c0c.0c03 alias
---

Management access

Vill man managera sin brandvägg genom en VPN-tunnel måste man komplettera ssh/http-kommandon med: 

management-access inside

Botnet Filtering 

#köp licens
#Enable DNS Client

NTP 

clock timezone CEST 1 0
clock summer-time CEDT recurring last Sun Mar 2:00 last Sun Oct 3:00 60
ntp server 94.199.180.200 source outside

uRPF 

ip verify reverse-path interface outside

Logging 

logging enable
logging console 4

Certificate Management 

show crypto ca certificate
(config) crypto ca export
show crypto key mypubkey rsa

Jumbo Frames 

jumbo frame-reservation
mtu inside 9000
mtu outside 9000

Global Timeouts 

timeout xlate 10:00:00
timeout uauth 10:00:00 absolute
timeout uauth 09:00:00 inactivity

Permanent Self-Signed Certificate 

crypto ca trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0
id-usage ssl-ipsec
no fqdn
subject-name CN=ASA
enrollment self
crypto ca enroll ASDM_TrustPoint0 noconfirm

SNMP 

snmp-server host inside 10.0.0.50 community PUBLIC version 2c
show snmp-server oidlist   #"hidden command"

DHCP

Klient 

int e0/0
ip address dhcp setroute
exit
dhcp-client client-id interface outside

Server 

dhcpd address 10.0.0.50-10.0.0.60 inside
dhcpd enable inside
dhcpd dns 8.8.8.8 interface inside

OBS ASA don't repond to unicast dhcp requests

NAT

PAT 

nat (inside,outside) 1 source dynamic any interface

Dynamic 

object network inside_10
subnet 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
object network outside-pool
range 193.10.161.190 193.10.161.199
object network inside_10
nat (inside,any) dynamic outside-pool

Static 

object network dmz_server
host 172.16.0.5
object network dmz_global
host 193.10.161.31
object network dmz_server
nat (dmz,outside) static dmz_global

Exempt 

object network LAN1
 subnet 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
object network LAN2
 subnet 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0
nat (inside,outside) 1 source static LAN1 LAN1 destination static LAN2 LAN2

1an är viktig så att regeln hamnar först

Show 

show run nat

Port Forwarding 

object network websrv 
host 10.1.1.3
nat (inside,outside) static interface service tcp 80 80
exit
access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any object websrv eq http

ACL 

access-list ACL1 permit tcp any object dmz_server eq http
access-group ACL1 in interface outside

Routing

Static 

route inside 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 {next hop address} 10

OSPF 

router ospf 1
area 1
network 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 area 1

RIP 

router rip
no auto-summary
version 2
network 10.0.0.0

EIGRP 

router eigrp 1
network 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0

Modular Policy Framework

Application Inspection 

access-list dmz_ftp permit tcp any any eq ftp

Class Map 

class-map FTP-class-MAP
match access-list dmz_ftp

Policy Map 

policy-map FTP-policy-MAP
class FTP-class-MAP
inspect ftp

Service Policy 

service-policy FTP-policy-MAP interface dmz

QoS 

priority-queue inside

Class Map 

class-map VOIP
match dscp 46

Policy Map 

policy-map inside-policy
class VOIP
priority

Service Policy 

service-policy inside-policy interface inside

Tweaking Connections 

access-list ACL1 permit tcp any object dmz_server eq http
class-map TCP-Sessions
match access-list ACL1
policy-map Conn-Limits
class TCP-Sessions
set connection conn-max 500 embryonic-conn-max 50
set connection timeout embryonic 0:05:00 half-closed 0:10:00
service-policy Conn-Limits interface outside

TCP Intercept 

access-list ACL1 permit tcp any object dmz_server eq http
class-map no-syn-flood-class
match access-list ACL1
policy-map NO-SYN-FLOOD
class no syn-flood-class
set connection embryonic-conn-max 50
service-policy NO-SYN-FLOOD interface outside

Advanced Application Inspection - HTTP 

policy-map type inspect http http-inspect-pmap
parameters
protocol-violation action dropconnection log
match req-resp content-type mismatch
drop-connection log
policy-map global_policy
class inspection_default
inspect http http-inspect-pmap

VLAN - !5505 

int e0/2
no shut
int e0/2.10
vlan 10
security-level 100
nameif VLAN10
ip add 10.0.10.1 255.255.255.0
no shut
exit

EtherChannel 

interface e0/2
channel-group mode Active
interface e0/3
channel-group mode Active
interface port-channel1
port-channel load-balance src-port
port-channel min-bundle 1
lacp max-bundle 8
duplex auto
speed auto
nameif DMZ
security-level 50
ip add 10.0.10.1 255.255.255.0
no shut
exit

Redundancy 

interface e0/4
no shut
interface e0/5
no shut
interface redundant1
member interface e0/4
member interface e0/5
nameif outside
security-level
ip address 193.10.161.31
no shut
exit

Transparent - 5505 

firewall transparent
int BVI 1
ip add 193.10.161.38 255.255.255.0
exit
int e0/0
switchport access vlan 1
no shut
int e0/1
switchport access vlan 2
no shut
interface vlan 1
security-level 100
nameif inside
bridge-group 1
no shut
interface vlan 2
security-level 0
nameif outside
bridge-group 1
no shut

AAA 

aaa-server OUR-GROUP protocol radius
aaa-server OUR-GROUP (inside) host 10.0.0.50
key ********
radius-common-pw *********
exit

Cut-through User AAA 

access-list outside_authentication permit tcp any object dmz-server eq http
username bob password cisco priv 2
username bob attributes
service-type remote-access
exit
aaa authentication match outside_authentication outside LOCAL

Failover 

#Criteria
ASA1
int e0/0
ip address 193.10.161.38 255.255.254.0 standby 193.10.161.39
int e0/1
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 standby 10.0.0.2
failover lan interface Fail-1 e0/3
failover interface ip Fail-1 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 standby 10.1.1.2
failover key cisco
failover link Fail-2 e0/4
failover interface ip Fail-2 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252 standby 10.2.2.2
failover replication http
failover lan unit primary
failover mac address e0/0 0000.1111.2222 0000.3333.4444
failover

ASA2
int e0/3
no shut
exit
failover lan interface Fail-1 e0/3
failover interface ip Fail-1 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 standby 10.1.1.2
failover key cisco
failover lan unit secondary
failover

Virtual Firewall 

mode multiple
changeto context admin
changeto system
mac-address auto
class silver
limit resource asdm 3
context newcontext
member silver
allocate-interface e0/3
allocate-interface e0/4
config-url disk0:/newcontext.cfg

Active/Active Failover 

changeto system
prompt hostname priority
failover group 1
primary
preempt 120
exit
failover group 2
secondary
preempt 120
exit
context Ctx-1
join-failover-group 1
exit
context Ctx-2
join-failover-group 2
exit
int e0/4
no shut
int e0/5
no shut
exit
failover lan unit primary
failover lan interface Fail-1 e0/4
failover interface ip Fail-1 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 standby 10.1.1.2
failover link Fail-2 e0/4
failover interface ip Fail-2 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252 standby 10.2.2.2
failover

int e0/3
no shut
exit
failover lan unit secondary
failover lan interface Fail-1 e0/3
failover interface ip Fail-1 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 standby 10.1.1.2
failover

SLA 

route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1 1 track 1
sla monitor 10
 type echo protocol ipIcmpEcho 1.1.1.1 interface outside
 num-packets 3
 frequency 5
sla monitor schedule 10 life forever start-time now
track 1 rtr 10 reachability

VPN

Förutsättningar för att sätta upp VPN-tunnlar är att klocka måste gå rätt och att NAT-regler måste ligga i rätt ordning.

Kolla hur man gör på aktuell version 

vpnsetup site-to-site steps
vpnsetup ipsec-remote-access steps

IKEv2 behåller inte riktigt nomenklaturen med faser men ändå.

Fas 1 

crypto isakmp policy 10
 authentication pre-share
 encryption aes-256
 hash sha
 lifetime 28800
 group 2

PSK 

tunnel-group <other-side> type ipsec-l2l
tunnel-group <other-side> ipsec-attributes
 ikev1 pre-shared-key *****
crypto map VPNMAP 10 set peer <other-side>

Fas 2 

crypto ipsec ikev1 transform-set SITE2-FAS2 esp-aes-256 esp-sha-hmac
crypto map VPNMAP 10 set transform-set SITE2-FAS2
access-list CRYPTO-to-SITE2 extended permit ip 172.16.20.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.0 255.255.255.0
crypto map VPNMAP 10 match address CRYPTO-to-SITE2
crypto map VPNMAP 10 set security-association lifetime seconds 3600

NAT Exempt 

object network LAN1
 subnet 172.16.20.0 255.255.255.0
object network LAN2
 subnet 172.16.40.0 255.255.255.0
nat (inside,outside) 1 source static LAN1 LAN1 destination static LAN2 LAN2

Övrigt

Tillåt trafik in från andra sidan. 

access-list OUTSIDE-IN extended permit ip object LAN2 object LAN1

Behöver endast göras vid första VPN-tunneluppsättningen. 

crypto map VPNMAP interface OUTSIDE
crypto isakmp enable OUTSIDE

Troubleshoot 

show crypto isakmp sa detail
show vpn-sessiondb detail l2l

REST API

Man kan lägga till en agent så att ASAn får stöd för REST API. 

copy http://<webbserver>/asa-restapi-122-lfbff-k8.SPA disk0:
rest-api image disk0:/asa-restapi-122-lfbff-k8.SPA
rest-api agent

Sedan behöver webbservern konfigureras om inte det är gjort, ASDM

Använd en REST-klient (Firefox/Chrome) 

https:<asa-ip>/api/objects/networkobjects

Docs

Följer med agenten 

https://<asa-ip>/doc/
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